5. The Qing reforms 1901 - 1911
The failure of the Boxer Rebellion and the humiliation of the dynasty made it clear to the Empress Dowager that she would have to accept a measure of reform in order to preserve the dynasty and the period 1901 to 1911 saw a burst of reform similar in nature to the 1898 Reform Movement, However, these reforms were to prove unsuccessful, and indeed actually helped contribute to revolutionary feeling against the...