11. Italy (1815–1871) and Germany (1815–1890
This section looks at the political developments in both Italy and Germany after 1815 which led to their unification.
Specifically, this section examines:
Italy
- Italy 1815 - 1849: the impact of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna, the 1848 revolutions
- The steps to unification of Italy under Cavour and Garibaldi after 1849 to 1871
Germany
- Germany 1815 - 1849: impact of Congress of Vienna and 1848 revolution
- The rise of Prussia
- The actions of Bismark in unifying Germany up to 1871
- Bismarck's domestic policies 1871 to 1890