Mussolini came to power in Italy in 1922. Between this time and his fall in World war Two, he dominated Italian politics. He was the most popular leader that Italy had ever seen and he attempted to transform Italy into a Fascist state as well as to establish a New Roman Empire in Africa and the Mediterranean. Please note that Mussolini"s foreign policy is covered here: 1.1 Italian expansion (1933–1940) (ATL)