Teaching Sequences
Which is the best order to teach IB Biology?
Every school will have unique circumstances that will dictate the order of the topics in Biology. The combination of HL and SL classes, climate, school location, national programs, teacher preferences will all factor in on the choice of order of topics.
Below are four suggested teaching schemes for different situations.
Teaching SL and HL students in the same class
This plan assumes that some lessons each week have both SL and HL students and there is probably one lesson each week with only HL students. It is sometimes possible in a school to be more flexible with the lessons if the SL students have a 'study lesson' while the HL students have the single lesson. It is advantageous to put two or three HL lessons together and to complete a chunk of a topic in one three lesson sequence, then teach the SL students with HL students for all the lessons in the following two weeks. This makes for better teaching and learning of the HL topics. I think it's important to give the SL students plenty of notice about the HL lessons so they can prepare to get other things done during this week.
Outline Timings | SL Students | HL Students |
1st Term | Topic 1: Cell biology | Topic 9 HL Plant biology |
Topic 2: Molecular biology | ||
2nd Term | Topic 3: Genetics | Topic 10 HL Genetics & evolution |
Topic 4: Ecology | ||
3rd Term | Topic 5: Evolution and biodiversity | Topic 7: HL Nucleic Acids |
4th Term | Option A: Neurobiology & behaviour | HL Extra: Option A; Neurobiology |
5th Term | Topic 6: Humans | Topic 11: HL Animal Physiology |
Revision | Topic 8: HL Metabolism, cell respiration & photosynthesis | |
A mixed HL and SL class in a two semester school year.
Outline Timings | SL Students | HL Students |
1st Semester | Topic 1: Cell biology | Topic 9 HL Plant biology |
Topic 2: Molecular biology | Topic 7: HL Nucleic Acids | |
2nd Semester | Topic 3: Genetics | Topic 10 HL Genetics & evolution |
Topic 4: Ecology | ||
Topic 5: Evolution and biodiversity | ||
3rd Semester | Option A: Neurobiology & behaviour | HL Extra: Option A; Neurobiology |
Topic 6: Humans | Topic 11: HL Animal Physiology | |
4th Semester | Completion of Topics 6 & 11 Revision | Topic 8: HL Metabolism, cell respiration & photosynthesis |
Teaching SL and HL students in the same class with two teachers
This model assumes that there are two teachers sharing the class with half of the lessons each. There are advantages because by the time teacher A reaches the cell membrane section of topic 1 the students will have learned about phosphate, lipid and the 3D structure of proteins.
Teacher A | Teacher B | |||
Outline Timings | SL & HL Students | HL Students | SL & HL Students | HL Students |
1st Term | Topic 1: Cells | Topic 2: Molecular biology | Topic 7: HL DNA & Proteins | |
2nd Term | Topic 3: Genetics | Topic 10 HL Genetics | Topic 4: Ecology | |
3rd Term | Topic 5: Evolution and biodiversity | Topic 9 HL Plants | Topic 6: Humans | Topic 11: HL Animal Physiology |
4th Term | Option A: Neurobiology & behaviour | Topic 6: Humans (continued) | Topic 11: HL Animal Physiology (continued) | |
5th Term | Revision | HL Extra: Option A; Neurobiology | Revision | Topic 8: HL Metabolism, cell respiration & photosynthesis |
Thoughts about teaching mixed classes
Ensure that you get more time with the HL students than with the SL students. SL students could have one period free to do their other HL subject work while you work with the HL students. This depends on your school's administration of course. This scheme does mean that you will have to juggle the topics so that you time the HL only class to correspond with the HL topic. It could be very bitty if you only teach one lesson of HL each week, better to be flexible, and release the SL students for a whole week (or better still the second half of one week and the first half of the next) so that you can teach a sequence of HL lessons, then teach SL for all the lessons in the following three weeks.I have known a biology teacher teach only the SL core material in the first year and the AHL material in the 2nd year. This is not a very realistic scheme unless there are special timetable requirements, or SL students use time in the second year for something specific. It would leave the SL students with little to do in the 2nd year and it would give a long gap between studying the biology and taking the exam.
SL students are commonly taught in a mixed SL / HL class and I have used both the models above. Encouraging these students to come to all classes and when the AHL material comes along let the students leave with work to do. For example; to work on their lab reports, to study for an upcoming test or to catch up on something they have missed. This does demand a certain amount of self discipline on their part but as they are young adults, they need opportunities to learn independent study skills some time!
Teaching SL students separately
There are a number of options that a better for the students. I have for a couple of years managed to split the SL and HL groups during the second year only. This is definitely better than keeping the groups mixed right to the end. In an ideal world SL students and HL students can be taught separately for two years. Here are a few notes about this.
It is certainly possible to really break up the teaching into a new sequence in this situation. You could take an evolutionary approach, begin with origins of life, principles of evolution and then look at 'primordial soup' while teaching the molecules topic then membranes, followed by single celled life, and study the cells topic, genetics then ecology followed by humans.
I have always found resistance from students when I have jumbled topics together, especially from those who want to keep scrupulous revision notes from day one, and they wand to use a published revision guide alongside lessons to help.
Outline Timings | SL Students |
1st Term | Topic 1: Cell biology (Some like to teach the basic parts of topic 2 before the membranes topic so that students understand the structure of phospholipids and proteins ) |
Topic 2: Molecular biology | |
2nd Term | Topic 3: Genetics |
Topic 4: Ecology | |
3rd Term | Topic 5: Evolution and biodiversity |
4th Term | Option A: Neurobiology & behaviour |
5th Term | Topic 6: Humans |
Revision |
Teaching HL students separately
There is certainly the possibility to save time by teaching all the overlapping topics just once in this setup. Overlapping sections occur in Genetics topics, between chemicals, nucleic acids, and respiration topics, and between humans and animal physiology topics.
Outline Timings | HL Students seprately |
1st Term | Topic 1: Cell biology Topic 9 HL Plant biology |
Topic 2: Molecular biology Topic 7: HL Nucleic Acids | |
2nd Term | Topic 3: Genetics Topic 10 HL Genetics & evolution |
Topic 4: Ecology | |
3rd Term | Topic 5: Evolution and biodiversity |
4th Term | Option A: Neurobiology & behaviour HL Extra: Option A; Neurobiology |
5th Term | Topic 6: Humans Topic 11: HL Animal Physiology Topic 8: HL Metabolism, cell respiration & photosynthesis |
Revision |