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A3.4 Alternative databases and data warehouses (HL only)

HL Subtopic A3.4 explores alternative databases (NoSQL, cloud, spatial, in-memory) and data warehouses. It covers their applications (e-commerce, GIS, analytics, etc.) and data warehouse characteristics (append-only, subject-oriented, etc.). The subtopic also details OLAP, data mining techniques (classification, clustering, etc.), and distributed database features (consistency, partitioning, security, etc.), linking...

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