Nucleophilic substitution

1. Use of curly arrowsWhen teaching and describing organic mechanisms involving the use of curly arrows it is much clearer to use 3-D diagrams rather than 2-D diagrams. A curly arrow represents the movement of a pair of electrons from where they start to where they end up. If you only use a 2-D diagram this can cause considerable confusion. Consider the substitution of the bromine atom in bromoethane by the hydroxide...

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