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            <a href="/history/page/60011/1a-spain-emergence-of-spain-as-an-authoritarian-state" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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        <img
            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/franco-page-1.jpg"
            alt="1a. Spain: Emergence of Spain as an authoritarian state"
        >
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                                            <h6 class="text-accent">
                            eBook
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        1a. Spain: Emergence of Spain as an authoritarian state
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> By the late 19th century, Spain’s influence had declined, culminating in the loss of its last colonies in 1898. Deep divisions between conservatives—backed by the monarchy, military, and Church—and reformists...</p>
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                            13 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/61507/case-study-topic-10-franco" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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        <img
            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/franco-1.jpg"
            alt="Case Study Topic 10: Franco"
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        Case Study Topic 10: Franco
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> In the early 1930s, Spain’s fragile democracy collapsed under the weight of economic crisis and political polarisation, igniting a brutal civil war in July 1936. General Francisco Franco rose as the Nationalist...</p>
                                        <div class="clearfix">
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                            13 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/61086/3-franco-aims-and-impact-of-policies" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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        <img
            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/francowomen.jpg"
            alt="3. Franco: Aims and impact of policies"
        >
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        3. Franco: Aims and impact of policies
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> Franco’s aims for his domestic policies were to rebuild Spain’s economy after the civil war and politically consolidate his control as Caudillo.  He also aimed to promote Spanish nationalism, Catholicism...</p>
                                        <div class="clearfix">
                        <span class="text-muted fs-sm float-end">
                            12 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/24498/2-interactive-quizzes" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/images/image-galleries/question-mark-unsplash.jpg"
            alt="2. Interactive quizzes"
        >
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        2. Interactive quizzes
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> Here are interactive quizzes on this topic. When students 'check' their answers, they will also get extra information relating to the topic. Here are 20 questions on the origins of the Cold War: Here...</p>
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                        <span class="text-muted fs-sm float-end">
                            12 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/61508/7-us-and-ussr-1949-1979" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/ed_gcse_cold_war_photo_550.jpg"
            alt="7. US and USSR 1949 - 1979"
        >
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                        7. US and USSR 1949 - 1979
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> Have a go at these questions on key events in the Cold War between 1949 and 1979:...</p>
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                            12 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/60962/c-development-of-south-africa-as-a-democratic-state" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/e5a7c8d5c807785274c5629c3c2d6dc1.jpg"
            alt="c. Development of South Africa as a democratic state"
        >
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                        c. Development of South Africa as a democratic state
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> Nelson Mandela was President from 1994 until 1998, and he worked hard for a peaceful transition to a democracy that included all races. This was symbolised by the South Africa rugby team winning the 1995...</p>
                                        <div class="clearfix">
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                            12 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/blog/61318/april-blog-key-anniversaries-and-history-in-the-news" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/p09sdg69.jpg"
            alt="April Blog: Key anniversaries and history in the news"
        >
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                </div>
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                            Blog
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        April Blog: Key anniversaries and history in the news
                                                <span class='topic-heading-badge d-inline-flex align-items-center justify-content-center'>Free</span>

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> There are several key anniversaries this month which, as ever, provide excellent opportunities to review significant events with students, create displays and discuss implications. A notable anniversary...</p>
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                        <span class="text-muted fs-sm float-end">
                            05 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/50665/2d-course-response-un-nato-kfor" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/7eef2bae-43a2-4dbd-be98-df70f5969a99.jpg"
            alt="2d. Course: Response UN, NATO &amp; KFOR"
        >
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                </div>
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                                            <h6 class="text-accent">
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        2d. Course: Response UN, NATO & KFOR
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> In September 1998, the UN adopted Resolution 1199 which demanded all parties in Kosovo cease hostilities.  However, the violence continued and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) launched an...</p>
                                        <div class="clearfix">
                        <span class="text-muted fs-sm float-end">
                            03 April 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/25841/3-social-impact-of-the-second-world-war" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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        <img
            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/ib/history/group_of_women_airforce_service_pilots_and_b-17_flying_fortress.jpg"
            alt="3. Social impact of the Second World War"
        >
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                </div>
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        3. Social impact of the Second World War
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> The Second World War impacted on the role of women, African Americans and minority groups in America. All groups were involved to some degree in the war effort and this led to changes in their lives -...</p>
                                        <div class="clearfix">
                        <span class="text-muted fs-sm float-end">
                            29 March 2025
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    <a href="/history/page/41393/1-the-berlin-blockade-1948" class="card text-body rounded-0 text-decoration-none" data-turbo-frame="_top" data-turbo="false">
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        <img
            class="d-block w-100 height-150 object-cover"
            src="https://teacher-sites-storage.inthinking.net/igcse/history/picture-19.png"
            alt="1. The Berlin Blockade 1948"
        >
    </div>

                </div>
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                                        <h5 class="fw-semibold text-primary mb-2 d-flex gap-1 align-items-end">
                        1. The Berlin Blockade 1948
                                    

                    </h5>
                                            <p class="text-body mb-0 mb-lg-3"> The first Cold War crisis took place in Berlin only 3 years after the end of the Second World War. It was the first open conflict between America and the Soviets and it resulted in the permanent division...</p>
                                        <div class="clearfix">
                        <span class="text-muted fs-sm float-end">
                            29 March 2025
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